Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi

Keragaman Jenis-jenis Burung yang Diperjualbelikan di Pasar Burung Kota Palembang

2026-05-31T02:40:56+07:00

Bird trade is one of the animal exploitation activities that is still widely found in Indonesia and has the potential to affect the sustainability of bird populations in nature. This study aims to identify the diversity of bird species traded at the Bird Market on Jalan Masjid Lama, 17 Ilir Village, Palembang City. The study was conducted for four weeks in March–April 2026 using a descriptive survey method with direct observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Identification of bird species was carried out based on morphological characters using a Sumatran bird field guide book. The results showed that there were 16 bird species classified into 5 orders, 10 families, and 15 genera. The order Passeriformes was the most dominant group with 8 species (50%), followed by Columbiformes with 4 species (25%), Psittaciformes with 2 species (12.5%), while Piciformes and Cuculiformes each had 1 species (6.25%). Based on their protection status, 15 species were not protected and 1 species was protected, namely the white starling (Acridotheres melanopterus). The high prevalence of songbirds demonstrates the public's strong interest in pet birds and songbirds. The presence of protected species in the trade indicates the need for increased monitoring and conservation education to support the preservation of bird biodiversity in Indonesia.

Analisis Validitas E-Modul Berbasis Problem Based Learning pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia

2026-09-05T21:32:37+07:00

This research is motivated by the limited use of interactive digital teaching materials in biology learning, especially on the human reproductive system material, so that students are less actively involved in the learning process and have difficulty in understanding the concept in depth. This research uses a development method (research and development) which is limited to the product validation stage with a quantitative descriptive approach focused on product validity analysis with the aim of determining the level of validity of problem-based learning-based e-modules on the human reproductive system material. The resulting product is a problem-based learning-based e-module compiled using Canva and presented in the form of a flipbook. The data sources in this study consist of material expert validators and media expert validators who provide an assessment of the validity of problem-based learning-based e-modules on the human reproductive system material. The research data were obtained through a validation questionnaire given to the validators using a Likert scale, while the data analysis technique was carried out descriptively quantitatively by calculating the percentage of the product validity level. The results showed that validation by material experts obtained a percentage of 92.5% with a very valid category, while validation by media experts obtained a percentage of 82.5% with a very valid category. Based on the validation summary, an average percentage of 87.5% was obtained, categorized as highly valid. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning e-module on the human reproductive system is highly valid and suitable for use as a biology teaching material.

Identifikasi Cadangan Biji di Resort Mallawa Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung Maros Sulawesi Selatan

2026-06-04T03:46:20+07:00

Seed reserves are an important indicator in community ecology studies, as they reflect the potential for vegetation regeneration in a habitat. This study aimed to identify the composition of seed reserves and evaluate their relationship with the community structure of mature trees in Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Maros, South Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out by establishing three main plots measuring 20m × 20m, each containing five sub-plots measuring 5m × 5m. Soil samples were composited and germinated in polybags for 40 days of observation. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Margalef Richness Index (R), and Pielou Evenness Index (E). The results showed that a total of six seed species were found at the Mallawa Resort: candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus L.), nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), coffee (Coffea arabica), songi (Dillenia celebica), palm (Ochrosia oppositifolia), and cardboard palm (Zamia furfuracea). The mature tree community had an H' value of 2.20 (moderate diversity), R = 10.71 (high richness), and E = 0.92 (high evenness). Myristica fragrans was the most dominant species in the seed bank (57%), but its presence was disproportionate to its dominance in the mature community, indicating differences in regeneration strategies between species. These findings provide basic information for ecosystem restoration management and planning in the area.

Analisis Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos dan Pendekatan Etnoekologi sebagai Bioindikator Ekosistem Air Tawar di Sungai Meninting, Lombok Barat

2026-08-30T10:31:12+07:00

This study aimed to analyze the structure of macrozoobenthos communities as bioindicators of water quality and to assess the ecological condition of the Meninting River through an ethnoecological approach involving local communities in West Lombok. The study was conducted from January to February 2026 using descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data analysis included the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Simpson dominance index (C), EPT richness, and the ratio of sensitive to tolerant organisms, while ethnoecological data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. The results showed that 10 macrozoobenthos species were identified with a total of 164 individuals. Chironomus sp. and Melanoides tuberculata had the highest abundance, each with 24 individuals, indicating the presence of organisms tolerant to habitat changes. The diversity index (H’) value of 2.25 indicated a moderate diversity level, while the Simpson dominance index (C) value of 0.11 indicated no dominant species within the community. The EPT groups identified consisted of Baetis sp., Perla sp., and Hydropsyche sp., with an EPT richness value of 3 taxa and a sensitive-to-tolerant organism ratio of 1.82 indicates that the waters have moderate quality (light pollution). Ethnoecological findings revealed that local communities utilized the river for domestic needs and irrigation and possessed local knowledge regarding changes in river conditions and conservation practices. Overall, the Meninting River has experienced anthropogenic pressure but still supports the presence of sensitive organisms. The integration of macrozoobenthos bioindicators and ethnoecological approaches provides a comprehensive perspective for sustainable river ecosystem management.

Hubungan antara Efikasi Diri dengan Kesulitan Belajar Siswa dalam Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi pada Materi Sel

2026-06-08T23:53:22+07:00

This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and the learning difficulties experienced by Grade XI students at SMAN 1 Telaga regarding Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the context of the "Cell" topic. Learning difficulties in this study are indicated by students' performance on HOTS tasks, which encompass the abilities to analyze (C4), evaluate (C5), and create (C6). The study employs a quantitative approach using a correlational method. The population consisted of 312 Grade XI students across 10 classes, with a sample of 34 students selected via cluster random sampling. Research instruments included a self-efficacy questionnaire and a HOTS test on the "Cell" topic. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results indicate that student self-efficacy falls into the moderate category (67% average), while HOTS proficiency averaged 58%, indicating a moderate level of learning difficulty. The Spearman Rank test yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.387 with a significance value of 0.024 (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate a significant relationship between self-efficacy and learning difficulties regarding HOTS in the "Cell" topic. The findings suggest that students with higher self-efficacy tend to possess better HOTS capabilities, thereby experiencing fewer learning difficulties. However, the low strength of the relationship indicates that learning difficulties regarding HOTS are also influenced by factors other than self-efficacy.

Development of Research-Based Macroscopic Pathogenic Fungi Teaching Materials: An Innovation to Improve Biology Learning in High Schools

2026-06-10T04:50:43+07:00

Biology learning in Kotapinang State Senior High School heavily relies on conventional textbooks that lack local context, creating a gap between curriculum content and the students' plantation environment. While applied mycological studies on local oil palm pathogens exist, their integration into high school biology media remains unexplored. This study aims to bridge this gap by developing an innovative pocket book on macroscopic pathogenic fungi based on authentic local research. Utilizing the Research and Development (R&D) approach with the 4D model (limited to the Develop stage), the prototype underwent rigorous validation by material, learning, and design experts. Practicality was assessed by biology teachers, followed by a small-scale trial involving 15 grade 11 students selected via random sampling. The trial procedure required students to review the pocket book’s readability and layout through guided skimming, after which their user experience was evaluated using a structured practicality questionnaire. Expert validation results ranged from 85.88% to 96.36%, indicating very high validity. The practitioner assessment yielded a highly positive response (100%), while the student evaluation achieved 85.74%, placing it in the very practical category. This product has the potential to contextualize biology learning by integrating local research findings, serving as a suitable way to provide contextual supplementary learning materials in schools based in plantation areas.

Analisis Perbandingan Capaian Pembelajaran Materi Bioteknologi pada KTSP, Kurikulum 2013, dan Kurikulum Merdeka

2026-09-11T22:12:25+07:00

The curriculum changes from KTSP, 2013 Curriculum, to Merdeka Curriculum show the development of Biology learning direction, including biotechnology material. Biotechnology material is important because it is related to the development of science and technology and its application in the fields of food, health, environment, and daily life. This study aims to analyze the comparison of learning outcomes of biotechnology material in KTSP, 2013 Curriculum, and Merdeka Curriculum based on the form of competency formulation, Operational Verbs (KKO) and cognitive level, material depth, and integration of 21st century competencies. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with document analysis techniques. Data were obtained from curriculum documents containing Competency Standards and Basic Competencies in KTSP, Core Competencies and Basic Competencies in 2013 Curriculum, and Learning Outcomes in Merdeka Curriculum. The research results show a shift in the KKO (Competency Based Learning) from identifying, explaining, and stating in the KTSP (Curriculum for Advanced Learning) to more complex KKO, such as analyzing, applying, evaluating, and designing in the 2013 Curriculum and the Independent Curriculum. This shift demonstrates an increase in cognitive demands, shifting from basic understanding and application to analysis, evaluation, and creation. In terms of material depth, the KTSP emphasizes basic concepts and conventional biotechnology, the 2013 Curriculum expands the material to applications and modern biotechnology, while the Independent Curriculum focuses on more contextual and integrative learning through the interconnectedness of concepts, technology, the environment, and real-life issues. The integration of 21st-century competencies is also increasingly strong, demonstrated by an emphasis on critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, problem-solving, scientific literacy, and reflection on bioethical issues. Thus, biotechnology learning outcomes have gradually evolved from an orientation toward mastery of concepts to more complex, contextual, and integrative learning oriented toward the development of 21st-century competencies.

Hasil Belajar Siswa pada E-Modul Sistem Pencernaan Terintegrasi Malnutrisi dan Pangan Lokal Berbasis Project Based Learning

2026-06-11T04:32:04+07:00

This study aims to describe the learning outcomes of grade XI.9 students at SMA Negeri 2 Gorontalo after participating in an integrated e-module on the digestive system, covering malnutrition and local food, based on Project Based Learning (PjBL). The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive method and a one-shot case study design. Thirty-five students were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a posttest and observations of learning implementation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that student learning outcomes were in the high category, with an average posttest score of 79.29. Most students achieved learning outcomes in the high and very high categories. The implementation of the learning was in the very good category, as indicated by the high level of teacher and student activity during the learning process. Students were also able to complete projects and produce local food-based products related to the digestive system and malnutrition.

Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI Materi Sistem Pencernaan melalui Media Audio Visual Edukasi Pangan Lokal

2026-09-27T23:19:17+07:00

The digestive system is a biology material that has abstract characteristics, so it often causes learning difficulties in students. One effort that can be done to improve student learning outcomes is through the use of audio-visual learning media associated with local food education. This study aims to determine the differences in learning outcomes of grade XI students after the application of audio-visual media based on local food education on the digestive system material. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a post-test only control design. The study was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Suwawa with a sample of two classes consisting of an experimental class and a control class. Learning outcome data were collected through tests that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and independent samples t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students who used audio-visual media based on local food education and students who used audio-visual media without local food education. The average score of the experimental class was 77.10, higher than the control class at 56.62. The results of the independent samples t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, thus rejecting H₀ and accepting H₁. These findings indicate that audio-visual media based on local food education is more effective than audio-visual media without local food education in improving student learning outcomes on the digestive system.

Keanekaragaman Pohon Lokal di Kawasan Riparian Sungai Ciliwung Kota Depok serta Peranannya dalam Menjaga Ekosistem Perairan

2026-08-30T05:37:22+07:00

This study aimed to analyze the diversity and community structure of local tree species in the riparian area of the Ciliwung River, Depok City. An exploratory survey was conducted through vegetation observations at ten sampling sites within the riparian zone. Data were collected through field observations, species identification, and documentation, and were analyzed using Relative Density (RD), Relative Frequency (RF), Important Value Index (IVI), the Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), and Dominance Index (C). The results identified 42 local tree species belonging to various plant families. The most abundant species were Terminalia catappa (Ketapang) and Roystonea regia (Royal Palm). The Shannon–Wiener diversity index ranged from 1.21 to 2.16, indicating low to moderate diversity. The evenness index ranged from 0.85 to 0.98, while the dominance index ranged from 0.08 to 0.33. These findings indicate that the riparian vegetation community is relatively stable and does not exhibit significant dominance by any particular species. The presence of local vegetation in the riparian area plays an important ecological role in reducing erosion, maintaining water quality, and providing habitat for various organisms.

Validitas Media Pembelajaran Komik Digital Berbasis Hasil Kajian Mikroplastik

2026-06-13T13:00:00+07:00

This study aims to develop and validate digital comic learning media based on research findings regarding microplastics, serving as a learning resource on plastic pollution in aquatic environments. The resulting product presents microplastic-related content through a contextual and engaging illustrated story, with the expectation of enhancing students' understanding of the issue of microplastic pollution. The study employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the Plomp model, which comprises three stages: 1) preliminary research; 2) prototyping; and 3) assessment. Validation was conducted by subject matter and media experts, yielding validity scores of 91.66% and 91%, respectively. Based on these validation results, digital comic possesses a validity level of 91.33% and is categorized as highly valid, making it suitable for use as a learning resource regarding microplastic pollution.