Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Reading, Mind Mapping, dan Sharing Berbantuan Media Flipbook terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Digital pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda

2026-04-22T15:28:05+07:00

Monotonous learning makes students accustomed to receiving information without searching, evaluating, and processing information independently. This condition has an impact on students' low digital literacy skills. Digital literacy skills are students' abilities to access, understand, evaluate, and use digital information to support the learning process. One effort that can be done is to apply various methods and media in the learning process. A model that can meet these needs is the Reading, Mind Mapping, and Sharing (RMS) learning model. This study aims to examine the effect of implementing the RMS learning model assisted by flipbook media on digital literacy skills in biology subjects of grade XI students of SMAN 11 Samarinda. This study uses a quantitative method using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design with a purposive sampling technique and a sample of 50 students. The instrument analysis technique used is the expert validation test, while the data analysis technique used is the N-Gain test and the independent sample t-test. The N-Gain test of the digital literacy questionnaire in the experimental class was 0.3 with a medium category, while in the control class it was 0.02 with a low category. Furthermore, the results of the independent sample t-test on the digital literacy questionnaire showed a p-value <0.001. Thus, it can be concluded that the flipbook-assisted RMS learning model has an effect on digital literacy skills in biology among eleventh-grade students at SMAN 11 Samarinda. These findings indicate that the flipbook-assisted RMS model is effective in improving students' digital literacy skills through reading activities, concept mapping, and collaborative information sharing.

Efektivitas Model Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Game Monopoli dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keaktifan Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 48 Samarinda

2026-04-24T14:41:58+07:00

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the team games tournament learning model assisted by the monopoly game in improving student learning outcomes and activeness in the material of classification of living things for grade VII at SMP Negeri 48 Samarinda. The selection of this school was based on the problems found, namely the learning process that still tends to be teacher-centered, low student participation in learning activities, and the existence of a school policy that does not allow students to bring mobile phones, thus limiting the use of digital learning media in the classroom. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pretest–posttest control group design, with samples determined through cluster random sampling techniques, so that two classes were obtained, namely the experimental class and the control class, each consisting of 24 students. The research variables included cognitive learning outcomes and student activeness, with instruments in the form of tests (pre-test and post-test) and an activeness questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and independent sample t-tests. The results showed that the average pre-test scores for both classes were relatively similar, while the average post-test scores for the experimental class were higher than those for the control class. The percentage of student activity in the experimental class was in the very active category, while the percentage of student activity in the control class was in the active category. The t-test results showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the two classes. Thus, the Monopoly game-assisted team games tournament learning model is effective in improving student learning outcomes and engagement.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Lingkungan dengan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan pada Siswa SMP Negeri 40 Samarinda

2026-04-24T18:21:12+07:00

This study aims to determine the relationship between environmental knowledge and environmental awareness among students of SMP Negeri 40 Samarinda. Awareness of the importance of protecting the environment needs to be instilled from an early age through increasing knowledge and developing environmental awareness among students. Lack of environmental awareness, such as littering and not maintaining school cleanliness, shows the importance of environmental knowledge in developing students' environmental awareness. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between environmental knowledge and environmental awareness among students of SMP Negeri 40 Samarinda. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational method. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires given to students as research respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using normality tests and correlation hypothesis tests. The results showed that the data were normally distributed. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, a correlation coefficient value of 0.345 was obtained, which is included in the low category, thus indicating a low positive relationship between environmental knowledge and students' environmental awareness. This positive relationship indicates that the higher the students' environmental knowledge, the better the environmental awareness they have. However, the low correlation value indicates that environmental knowledge does not fully influence students' environmental awareness, as other factors contribute, such as habits, the surrounding environment, and the inculcation of environmentally conscious behavior in daily life. Therefore, supporting efforts through environmental education and programs in schools are needed to optimally develop students' environmental awareness and attitudes.

Evaluasi Suhu dan Kelembapan Udara terhadap Produktivitas Padi dan Ubi Kayu di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai

2026-04-27T13:55:46+07:00

Changes in climate elements such as air temperature and humidity have the potential to affect food crop productivity. This study aims to analyze the relationship and influence of average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and air humidity on rice and cassava productivity in Serdang Bedagai Regency for the period 2014–2023. Productivity data were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), while temperature and dew point data came from ERA5 developed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMRWF). Air humidity was calculated using the Magnus–Tetens equation. The analysis was carried out using correlation and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the relationship between climate factors and crop productivity tended to be weak to moderate. In rice, minimum air temperature had a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.54), while humidity had a fairly strong positive correlation (r = 0.68). In cassava, minimum air temperature had a weak negative correlation (r = -0.32), while humidity had a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.55). The regression results indicate that climate factors simultaneously had no significant effect on rice productivity (p = 0.573; R² = 0.39) or cassava (p = 0.483; R² = 0.446). This finding suggests that air temperature and humidity make limited contributions and have not yet demonstrated a statistically significant effect on crop productivity in Serdang Bedagai Regency.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Nasi Basi dengan Mulsa Organik (Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L) dan Pelepah Pisang (Musa sp.)) terhadap Intensitas Serangan Serangga Hama pada Tanaman Bayam Kakap (Amaranthus hybridus)

2026-04-28T14:19:11+07:00

This study aims to determine the combination of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) Local Microorganisms (MOL) stale rice with organic mulch (ketapang leaves (Terminalia catappa L) and banana stems (Musa sp.)) on the intensity of insect pest attacks on snapper spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) plants. The type of research used is experimental research. In this study, the population used was snapper spinach (Amaranthus hybridus). Observation data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination of POC-MOL stale rice with organic mulch ketapang leaves and banana stems had a significant effect on the intensity of pest attacks (p < 0.05). The intensity of pest attacks tended to decrease over the observation period, namely 7.34% (12 HST), 9.28% (17 HST), 6.70% (22 HST), and 5.00% (27 HST). The T4 treatment was the most effective combination in suppressing pest infestation compared to other treatments. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the combination of spoiled rice POC-MOL with organic mulch has the potential to be an environmentally friendly pest control method for spinach cultivation.

Deteksi Resistensi Isolat Bakteri Salmonella sp. dari Feses Segar Ayam Petelur (Gallus gallus domesticus) terhadap Antibiotik

2026-04-04T18:45:16+07:00

Antibiotic resistance is a global problem that connects human and animal health. This resistance occurs when bacteria acquire genes that allow them to survive when exposed to antibiotics. Wanasaba District, East Lombok is one of the districts that has a large population of laying hens, one of the infectious diseases that often attacks poultry and is treated using antibiotics is salmonella sp. This study aims to detect the resistance of Salmonella sp. bacterial isolates derived from fresh feces of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) to antibiotics. This study is a laboratory experimental study conducted in November 2025 with a total of 3 samples of fresh feces of laying hens taken using a purposive sampling method. Bacterial isolation was carried out using Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar media, then identified using biochemical tests to confirm the presence of Salmonella sp. Antibiotic resistance tests were carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using 30 μg tetracycline antibiotics, 10 μg gentamicin, and 5 μg enrofloxacin. The results showed that all Salmonella sp. isolates from the three samples demonstrated 100% sensitivity to the three types of antibiotics tested. These results indicate that Salmonella sp. isolates in laying hens at the study site have not yet developed resistance to the antibiotics used. However, monitoring antibiotic use and implementing good farm management are still necessary to prevent the emergence of bacterial resistance in the future.

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Asian Ticktrefoil (Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.) dan Bonggol Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) sebagai Pestisida Nabati terhadap Intensitas Serangan Serangga Hama pada Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.)

2026-04-28T14:33:10+07:00

The study aimed to determine the effect of Asian Ticktrefoil leaf extract (Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.) and Pineapple Weevil (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) as botanical pesticides on the intensity of insect pest attacks on Green Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants. This type of research is an experimental study conducted in the Agricultural Land of Jalan Jayakarta RT. 19, Rawa Makmur Village, Palaran District, Samarinda City. The research design used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments, namely: T0 (control), T1 (detergent + water), T2 (50% Asian ticktrefoil leaf extract), T3 (50% pineapple weevil extract), and T4 (50% combination of Asian ticktrefoil leaf and pineapple weevil extract) with 5 replications. The data analysis results showed that the calculated F for each treatment, respectively, was (457.05) > F (4.77) at a significance level of 1%. This demonstrates a highly significant effect of the application of Asian Ticktrefoil (Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.) leaf extract and Pineapple Weevil (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) as botanical pesticides on the intensity of insect pest attacks on mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.). These findings demonstrate the potential of locally sourced botanical pesticides as an environmentally friendly pest control alternative in mustard greens cultivation.

Pengembangan Media Flashcard Berbasis Augmented Reality Keragaman Jamur Makroskopis Divisi Ascomycota di Tahura Sultan Adam Mandiangin sebagai Penunjang Pembelajaran Biologi di SMA

2026-05-01T18:22:36+07:00

Current technological advancements require the use of engaging, interactive, and context-based educational media to enhance students’ motivation and understanding. This study aims to develop augmented reality-based flashcard media on the diversity of macroscopic fungi in the Ascomycota division and to test the suitability, feasibility, readability, and student responses to the media. The development of augmented reality-based flashcard media refers to Thiagarajan’s 4D model, limited to the disseminate stage. Three experts served as subjects for the suitability and feasibility tests, and 15 students who had studied biodiversity material participated in the readability and response tests, using an assessment instrument in the form of a questionnaire with a rating scale of 1 to 5. Based on the research results, the developed media received an average suitability score of 4.42 (very suitable), a feasibility of 4.52 (very feasible), a readability of 4.30 (very good), and students response of 4.35 (very good). Therefore, these augmented reality-based flashcards are deemed suitable as a supporting tool in biology education, particularly for the concept of biodiversity within the fungi subtopic.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur pada Buah Cabai Rawit Putih (Capsicum frutescens L.) Varietas Hibrida F1 Bhaskara yang Bergejala Antraknosa dari Lahan Tani Desa Tondoh Kabupaten Kutai Barat

2026-05-02T16:04:40+07:00

Anthracnose is a disease that often attacks cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). This study aims to identify fungal species and determine the morphological characteristics of fungi found in white cayenne pepper fruit of the F1 Bhaskara Hybrid variety with anthracnose symptoms from the farmland of Tondoh Village, Mook Manaar Bulatn District, West Kutai Regency. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive, namely symptomatic fruit samples were isolated using the direct planting method (direct plating) on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media, and fungal identification was carried out by observing the macromorphological and micromorphological characteristics of the fungus. The results showed that there were three types of fungi that were successfully isolated, namely Colletotrichum sp., Pythium sp., and Rhizoctonia sp. Colletotrichum sp. has white colonies with a cotton-like texture, septate hyphae, and cylindrical conidia. Pythium sp. is characterized by non-septate hyphae and spherical sporangia. Rhizoctonia sp. have light brown colonies with septate hyphae and perpendicular branches forming approximately 90° angles. The presence of these three fungi indicates that in addition to Colletotrichum sp. as the primary cause of anthracnose, there are accompanying pathogens that exacerbate damage and accelerate fruit decay. The results of this study serve as the basis for developing anthracnose control strategies.

Tren Global Emisi Dinitrogen Oksida dari Pemupukan NPK: Tinjauan Sistematis dan Analisis Bibliometrik

2026-05-04T16:09:44+07:00

This study aims to analyze the development, distribution, and scientific structure of research related to the use of NPK fertilizers and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions in the last decade. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in modern agricultural systems has contributed to greenhouse gas emissions, especially nitrous oxide (N₂O), which has a high global warming potential. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach combined with a bibliometric analysis based on Scopus data for the 2015-2025 period. The literature selection process was carried out using PRISMA guidelines, resulting in 114 articles that were further analyzed using VOSviewer software. The results of the study show that publications increased significantly after 2020, with research dominated by Chinese and Asian-based institutions. Keyword analysis shows that research is still dominated by soil geochemical approaches, while integration with aspects of nitrogen use efficiency, crop productivity, and climate change mitigation is still limited. In addition, the collaboration network shows fragmentation between research groups. Overall, this study reveals conceptual and geographic gaps in research and emphasizes the importance of developing an integrative approach to fertilizer management and supporting sustainable agriculture and greenhouse gas mitigation.

Analisis Spasio-Temporal terhadap Invasi Vegetasi Oportunistik di Hutan Mangrove Terdegradasi

2026-05-21T00:53:41+07:00

Anthropogenic activities such as land conversion and illegal logging have triggered massive degradation of mangrove canopies, reduced blue carbon stocks, and triggered secondary succession in the form of opportunistic-invasive vegetation invasions such as Nypa fruticans. Conventional field survey-based monitoring faces significant geographical and cost constraints. This study aims to synthesize the development of spatio-temporal satellite data methodologies, identify research gaps in remote sensing sensors, and formulate a monitoring framework for degraded mangroves through several databases. This narrative literature review for the period 2016–2026 was conducted through inclusion and exclusion criteria-based screening of Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases, with 45 selected scientific articles analyzed using qualitative-thematic synthesis techniques. The synthesis results indicate that the integration of long-term temporal data (Landsat and Sentinel-2) on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform with machine learning algorithms (such as random forest) is very reliable in tracking canopy damage trajectories. Spatial reconstruction successfully mapped the chronology of Nypa fruticans expansion through three main phases: initiation after upstream disturbance, aggressive colonization of open canopy gaps, and dominance of homogeneous monoculture formations. In conclusion, the use of cloud computing-based time-series satellite imagery is effective in monitoring the dynamics of degradation and opportunistic vegetation expansion chronologically. Future research should focus on multi-sensor data integration architecture (Sentinel-1 optical and radar synergy) and the validation of high-resolution drones to develop a verified early warning system for coastal restoration and carbon balance to support the achievement of SDGs 13 and 15.

Kajian Literatur tentang Pemanfaatan Tanaman Air dalam Bioremediasi Limbah Amonia pada Akuakultur

2026-05-04T17:38:52+07:00

The aim of this study is to synthesise the findings of various studies on the effectiveness of aquatic plants in reducing ammonia concentrations in aquaculture systems, to identify the mechanisms of phytoremediation involved, and to compare the effectiveness of different plant species based on previous studies. The method used was a systematic literature review with a descriptive-qualitative approach. This study did not conduct experiments or collect primary data, but rather used secondary data from relevant scientific articles. Literature was obtained from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and other indexed journals using keywords related to ammonia, aquaculture, phytoremediation, and water plants. The inclusion criteria included original research articles from 2015–2026 that were available in full text and presented quantitative data on ammonia reduction. Fifteen articles that met the criteria were analysed using thematic synthesis through grouping, comparison, and interpretation of data. The results of the synthesis showed that floating water plants such as Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Lemna minor were the most effective, with ammonia reduction of over 90% in several studies. The main mechanisms include nitrogen absorption by the plants, rhizofiltration, and microbial activity through nitrification in the root zone. The effectiveness is influenced by biomass, root systems, and environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, and nutrient concentration. In conclusion, the synthesis of various studies shows that phytoremediation based on floating aquatic plants is effective and has the potential to be a sustainable and environmentally friendly technology for the treatment of aquaculture waste.

Analisis Habits of Mind Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Berdasarkan 16 Indikator

2026-05-06T11:47:59+07:00

This study analyzes the habits of mind of biology education students based on 16 indicators from Costa and Kallick. The study used a descriptive quantitative approach with 22 purposively selected biology education students as subjects. Data were collected using a validated 4-point Likert scale questionnaire with high reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.88). Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Friedman test, and Kendall's W test. The results showed that students' habits of mind were in the moderate category and uneven across all indicators. Persistence, empathy, thoroughness, and curiosity were in the high category, while flexible thinking was in the low category. The Friedman test showed significant differences between indicators with a moderate effect size (Kendall's W = 0.32). These findings demonstrate the need for biology learning designs that emphasize the development of flexible thinking through open inquiry, problem-based learning, and metacognitive reflection.

Pola Asosiasi Flora pada Area Terdampak Invasi Derris trifoliata di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove

2026-05-12T01:30:38+07:00

Mangrove ecosystems in the Air Telang Protected Forest are experiencing ecological pressure due to the dominance of the liana Derris trifoliata, which has the potential to alter the structure of vegetation communities. This study aimed to analyze the patterns of floral associations in mangrove areas affected by the dominance of Derris trifoliata. The study employed a descriptive survey method with a purposive sampling approach across four observation stations. Species association analysis was conducted using the Jaccard Index based on species presence data. The results identified 34 plant species associated with Derris trifoliata, consisting of ferns, monocots, and dicots, indicating a heterogeneous vegetation community. Similarity values among stations ranged from 0.154 to 0.594, with the highest similarity observed between Stations 2 and 3, and the lowest between Stations 2 and 4. The association values between Derris trifoliata and other species ranged from 0.25 to 1.00, with a very high association found in Nypa fruticans and a high association in Acrostichum aureum. The dominance of neutral associations indicates ecological pressure that tends to simplify the structure of mangrove vegetation communities. Ecologically, the presence of Derris trifoliata plays a role in shaping species distribution patterns through interactions influenced by environmental heterogeneity and mangrove habitat conditions.

Mengungkap Kekayaan Etnobotani: Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat dalam Jamu Legendaris di Kampung Jamu Kromengan Kabupaten Malang

2026-05-12T01:39:32+07:00

Traditional knowledge regarding the utilization of medicinal plants as ingredients for traditional herbal medicine (jamu) in Karangrejo Village, Kampung Jamu Kromengan, represents a form of local wisdom that is still maintained by the community. This study aimed to identify the diversity of medicinal plants and analyze their utilization levels based on quantitative ethnobotanical indices. The research employed a mixed-method approach with an exploratory sequential design through interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaire surveys. The results revealed 12 species of medicinal plants belonging to 6 families, with the Zingiberaceae family dominating (7 species). Rhizomes were the most frequently utilized plant part, with a PPUV value of 48.8%, indicating the community’s high reliance on rhizomatous plants in jamu preparation. The highest ICF value (0.97) in the categories of relieving muscle aches and increasing appetite indicated a strong level of community agreement regarding the use of certain plants for these health conditions. The highest RFC values were found in kencur and rice, the highest SUV in turmeric, the highest FUV in the Zingiberaceae family, and the highest FL in temulawak for increasing appetite, indicating that plants from the Zingiberaceae family have high utilization, trust, and ethnobotanical importance in traditional jamu practices. In conclusion, jamu practices in Karangrejo Village are dominated by the use of rhizomatous plants, which play an important role in traditional medicine and reflect the strong local knowledge of the community regarding the use of medicinal plants.