Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi

Identifikasi Ordo Odonata di Kampus II Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Adi Hartono — 2025-10-01

Odonata is one of the orders of insects that has an important role as an indicator of the quality of aquatic ecosystems as well as a component in the food chain. The diversity of Odonata species in urban areas, including campus environments, is often not optimally documented, even though this information is crucial as a basis for environmental management and conservation of local species. Campus II of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra, which has a small aquatic ecosystem, such as ponds and riparian vegetation, is a potential habitat for the existence of the Odonata order. However, until now there has been no scientific study documenting the species in the area. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying Odonata species found in the Campus II environment of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. This research is an exploratory research with data collection techniques using direct sampling methods in the field. Specimen collection was carried out using insect nets, visually documented through digital cameras, and identified using taxonomic determination keys as the main reference. Stationery is used for recording data during field observation. The data from the research were analyzed qualitatively using the Miles and Huberman model analysis technique which involved four systematic steps, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed that in the Campus II area of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra, two species of Odonata were found, namely Diplacodes trivialis from the suborder Anisoptera and Agriocnemis pygmaea from the suborder Zygoptera. These two species show adaptation to artificial aquatic habitats in the campus environment. This study concluded that even though the area is semiurban, there is still a diversity of Odonata species that needs attention. The implications of this study are expected to be an initial reference for the development of local insect biodiversity studies as well as the basis for the formulation of insect-friendly habitat management policies in university areas.

Efektivitas E-Modul Berbasis SDGs dengan Pendekatan STEM untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik SMA di Samarinda

Siti Sabina — 2025-10-01

The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach is a learning method that integrates four fields of science to encourage problem-solving and creative thinking in a contextual manner. This study aims to test the effectiveness of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs-based) E-Modules with a STEM approach in increasing students' creativity and learning outcomes on the Role of Fungi in Life material. The research used the true experiment method with a pretest-posttest control group design, involving students of class X of SMA Negeri 9 Samarinda which was divided into experimental classes and control classes. The instruments used are learning outcome tests and creativity assessment sheets that have been validated by experts. Data analysis was carried out with an independent sample t-test to test the significance of differences between classes, as well as N-Gain calculation to measure learning effectiveness. The results showed that the improvement in learning outcomes in the experimental class was relatively high with an N-Gain value of 0.73, while the control class was in the medium category with an N-Gain value of 0.42. The increase in creativity in the experimental class was also significant, especially in the aspects of flexibility and elaboration. The high category in the experimental class is achieved because the E-Module allows for self-exploration, project-based activities, as well as the relevance of the material to real life. In contrast, learning in the control class tended to be less stimulating to creative and reflective thinking skills. Thus, SDGs-based E-Modules with a STEM approach have proven to be effective in increasing students' creativity and learning outcomes, as well as supporting the development of 21st century skills.

Pembuatan Susu Alternatif Kombinasi Singkong (Manihot esculenta) dan Kacang Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis)

Wardatul Jamilah — 2025-10-01

This study aims to develop alternative dairy products based on local ingredients, namely cassava (Manihot esculenta) and koro sword beans (Canavalia ensiformis) as a solution for individuals with lactose intolerance, as well as to support the use of local foods. This study is an experimental study that evaluates the panelists' acceptability of four formulations of plant-based milk with a comparison of different ingredients. The production process includes detoxification, fermentation, and mixing in four formulations, namely P1 (100%:0%), P2 (75%:25%), P3 (50%:50%), and P4 (25%:75%). Organoleptic tests were performed on aroma, taste, and texture attributes using a six-level hedonic scale assessed by 15 untrained panelists. The results showed that the formulation with the dominance of koro sword beans (P4: 25% cassava and 75% sword koro beans) was most preferred in terms of taste and texture, while the best aroma was found in the P3 formulation (50%:50%). Analysis of nutritional content showed that the P2 formulation had the highest carbohydrate content (14.68 mg/g), while the P3 formulation had the highest protein content (7.87 mg/g). This product has the potential to be a nutritious, functional, and sensorially acceptable local plant-based milk.

Pengaruh Pendekatan STEM-SDGs terhadap Keterampilan Saintifik Siswa dan Hasil Belajar Materi Sistem Ekskresi di SMA Islam Samarinda

Nafisahtul Huda — 2025-10-01

This study aims to determine the influence of the STEM-SDGs approach on improving scientific skills and student learning outcomes on Excretory System material at SMA Islam Samarinda. This study uses a quasi experiment method with a non-equivalent control group design. The research sample was selected through a purposive sampling technique consisting of two groups, namely the experimental class of 26 students and the control class of 26 students. Data analysis was carried out using an independent sample t-test. The results of the study show that the STEM-SDGs approach has a significant effect on improving students' scientific skills, especially in the aspects of observing, reasoning, and communicating, as well as on learning outcomes shown through improving post-test scores. The engineering aspect is the most influential component, because it trains students to design and create projects based on the use of used goods according to the SDGs. Thus, it can be concluded that the STEM-SDGs approach is effective in improving students' scientific skills and learning outcomes through integrative and contextual project-based learning.

Efektivitas Kombinasi Daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) dan Buah Bintaro (Cerbera manghas) sebagai Insektisida Alami terhadap Tanaman Terong (Solanum melongena)

Auliya Khusnul Hotimah — 2025-10-01

The excessive use of chemical pesticides has a negative impact on the environment and health, so a more environmentally friendly pest control alternative is needed. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the combination of gamal leaf extract (Gliricidia sepium) and bintaro fruit (Cerbera manghas) as a vegetable insecticide against pests in eggplant (Solanum melongena). The research method used pure experiments with a Complete Random Design (RAL) of five concentration treatments, namely 0% (control), 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70%. The observation data was analyzed using the ANOVA test. The results showed that the combination of gamal leaf extract and bintaro fruit had a significant effect in suppressing pest populations in eggplant plants, with a Fcal value of 11.750 and a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). The 70% concentration is the most effective treatment in reducing the intensity of pest attacks compared to other treatments and controls. This success is supported by the content of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and cerberins that act as contact poisons and stomach toxins in the target insects. These findings suggest that the combination of the two extracts could be a safe, economical, and sustainable alternative to plant insecticides to support the cultivation of horticultural crops without relying on synthetic chemical pesticides.

Kajian Etnosains Pembuatan Makanan Tradisional Lomak Daerah Manggarai

Veronika P. Sinta Mbia Wae — 2025-10-01

This study aims to examine the ethnoscientific values contained in the process of making traditional Lomak food from the Manggarai area, East Nusa Tenggara. Lomak is one of the culinary heritage that not only has a distinctive taste, but also reflects the local knowledge of the Manggarai people, starting from the selection of ingredients, processing techniques, to food preservation efforts. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the process of making Lomak contains scientific principles, such as natural fermentation techniques, sustainable use of local ingredients, and traditional knowledge about sanitation and food conservation. This ethnoscience study is expected to be a source of contextual learning in science education while contributing to the preservation of local culture. The novelty of this research lies in the application of food innovation that combines aspects of business management, marketing strategy, and cultural preservation, so that it has the potential to increase the income of Lomak artisans in the Manggarai area.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terintegrasi STEAM terhadap Literasi Sains Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Biologi Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda

Selvi Novita Sari — 2025-10-01

The low science literacy of Indonesian students in the PISA study requires learning innovations that emphasize mastery of science concepts and their application in daily life. This study aims to determine the influence of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) integrated Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on students' science literacy in the Biology Science subject grade VII at SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda. This study is a quasi experiment with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample was obtained through a cluster random sampling technique consisting of class VII E as the experimental class and VII F as the control class. Data analysis includes normality test, homogeneity test, t-test, and N-Gain test. The results showed that the application of the STEAM integrated PBL model had a significant effect on improving students' science literacy as shown by the results of the t-test with a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that the STEAM integrated PBL model is effective in improving students' science literacy. These findings indicate that the model could be an innovative and relevant alternative learning strategy to be implemented in secondary schools.

Implementasi Flipbook Materi Sistem Pertahanan Tubuh untuk Mendukung SDGs pada Hasil Belajar Siswa SMAN 2 Tenggarong

Edita Destyara — 2025-10-01

The low level of students' understanding of Biology material, especially on the topic of the body's defense system, is often caused by limitations in the variety of learning media used. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of flipbook-based learning media on student learning outcomes on body defense system materials, in order to support the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach with purposive sampling techniques, involving 35 students divided into experimental and control groups. The research instrument consists of learning outcome tests and questionnaires, which are used to measure students' cognitive achievement. Data analysis was carried out through hypothesis tests using independent sample t-test and N-gain calculation. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, with a significance value of the t-test of 0.00 (< 0.05), and an N-gain value of 0.73 which was categorized as a fairly effective improvement. Flipbook media has been proven to have a positive influence on student learning outcomes in the experimental group. The increase was influenced by internal and external factors, including the quality of flipbook content, the support of learning facilities, and students' motivation and interest in learning. Thus, flipbook learning media can be considered an effective alternative in increasing students' understanding of the body defense system material, as well as contributing to improving the quality of education in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Identifikasi Serangga Hama pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada Fase Generatif di Lahan Tani Air Terjun Pinang Seribu Kelurahan Sempaja Utara Samarinda

Tanti Widiyanti — 2025-10-01

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value that is widely consumed by the Indonesian people, but is susceptible to various types of pests, especially in the generative phase. This study aims to identify the type and dominance of insect pests that attack cayenne pepper plants in the generative phase in the farmland of Thousand Pinang Waterfall, North Sempaja Village, Samarinda. The research methods used include direct observation and insect collection using several types of traps (insect nets, light traps, and pitfall traps). Identification is carried out down to the family level with the help of a keybook of determination and morphological character of insects. The results of the study showed the existence of several insect pest families such as Tephritidae (fruit flies), Thripidae (thrips), Aphididae (aphids), and Bemisiidae (whiteflies) that were dominant during the generative phase of the plant. So it can be concluded that cayenne pepper plants in the generative phase in the farmland of the Thousand Pinang Waterfall, Samarinda, are vulnerable to being attacked by various types of insect pests. This is important to support a more precise and effective pest control strategy in the critical phase of the growth of cayenne pepper plants.

Jenis-jenis Gulma yang Ditemukan di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PT. Incasi Raya Pangian sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer

Karina Karina — 2025-10-01

PT. Incasi Raya Pangian is a company engaged in oil palm plantations with a land area of 6,890 hectares, located in Nagari Sinamar, Asam Jujuhan District, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. One of the main problems in oil palm cultivation is the presence of weeds that can reduce productivity by up to 20% through competition in the absorption of water, light, and nutrients. This research aims to identify the types of weeds that grow in oil palm plantations and compile them in the form of popular scientific books as an educational medium for the community and educators. The research was carried out in two stages. The first stage was carried out to obtain research weed data using the 10-meter transect method with five plots measuring 1 m x 1 m which were arranged alternately in the plantation area of PT. Incasi Raya Pangian, Nagari Sinamar, Dharmasraya Regency. The second stage is the preparation of popular scientific books, where weed samples are collected, preserved, and identified using botanical literature at the Botanical Laboratory of the University of PGRI West Sumatra. The results showed that there were 33 species of weeds from 27 families, consisting of 28 species of the Spermatophyta Division and 5 species of the Pteridophyta Division. Some common species include Ageratum conyzoides, Clidemia hirta, and Cyperus rotundus. The popular scientific books produced have the potential to be a source of practical information for the community, as well as support sustainable weed management in oil palm plantations.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Flashcard pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi Pokok Bahasan Bioteknologi Kelas X SMA Negeri 5 Kota Samarinda

Apri Prananda Saputra — 2025-10-01

The low activeness of students in learning biology is still a common problem found in various educational units, one of which is at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda City. Biology learning at SMA Negeri 5 Kota Samarinda still faces obstacles in terms of student activeness. So that there needs to be a solution in the form of learning media that is attractive to students. This study aims to develop flashcard learning media in the form of educational cards in biology subjects on the subject of biotechnology and determine the feasibility of the media. The method used is research and development (Research and Development) with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages of research. Based on the results of the needs. analysis conducted at SMA Negeri 5 Kota Samarinda, teachers need flashcard learning media by 74%. Meanwhile, students need flashcard learning media by 81% of class X-3 and 82% of class X-7. This development research produces a product in the form of flashcard learning media in the form of a double-sided educational card that is feasible to use based on the assessment of: 1) media expert validators obtained a score of 78.33%; and 2) material expert validators obtained a score of 95.71%. Meanwhile, the response of students in the small-scale trial obtained a score of 80.39% and the response of students in the large-scale trial obtained a score of 81.11%. Meanwhile, the teacher's response obtained a score of 90%. So it can be concluded that the flashcard learning media developed is suitable for use and gets a positive response from students and teachers.

Studi Retrospektif Kejadian Pyometra pada Pasien Kucing di Beberapa Klinik di Kota Mataram

Imam Sofyan — 2025-10-01

Pyometra is a progressive and life-threatening reproductive system disease in female cats, especially those that are not sterilized. This disease is characterized by the accumulation of pus in the uterus due to a bacterial infection triggered by the influence of the hormone progesterone in the diestrus. This study aims to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pyometra cases in cats in Mataram City and identify risk factors. The research was conducted retrospectively by tracing medical record data from three veterinary clinics in Mataram City (ZZ Pet Care Clinic, Medina Vet Clinic, and drh. Rama & Partners Clinic) during the period June 2024 to May 2025. A total of 339 female cats were examined, and 42 cases of pyometra were found with a prevalence of 12.39%. The most cases were found in the age group of 1.5-2 years (52.38%) and domestic race (57.14%). All cats with the disease have not been sterilized with most having no mating history. These results show that active reproductive age, sterilization status, and local race are the main risk factors for pyometra in Mataram City. Therefore, preventive measures such as ovarihysterectomy and education to animal owners about the importance of reproductive management are needed to significantly reduce the incidence of pyometra.

Deteksi dan Identifikasi Telur Cacing Nematoda pada Feses Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) di Desa Mumbul Sari Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Khaerul Mujmal — 2025-10-01

Indonesia is a country rich in natural resources, including in the field of livestock, one of which is cattle. Cows have an important role as providers of meat needs for the community. However, cows are also at risk of being infected with worms that can reduce immunity, inhibit weight gain, and potentially cause death. The purpose of this study is to detect and identify nematode worm eggs in the feces of Balinese cows (Bos sondaicus) located in Mumbul Sari Village, North Lombok Regency. The sampling method in this study uses the purposive sampling method based on the maintenance system. Sampling of Balinese cow feces (Bos sondaicus) was taken in Mumbul Sari Village, North Lombok Regency, by taking fresh cow feces, then taken to the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mandalika Education University, to be examined using the saturated sugar flotation method, then observed under a microscope with a magnification of 100 times. The results of the study showed positive examination, namely the presence of Trichostrongylus sp; Toxocara vitulorum sp; Oesophagostomum sp; and Haemonchus contortus sp; on the feces of Balinese cattle from Mumbul Sari Hamlet, Bagek Nunggal, Pawang Kunyit I, Pawang Kunyit II, and Munder Hamlet.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom pada Siswa Kelas X SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping terhadap Hasil Belajar Materi Perubahan Iklim

Nofia Ratih — 2025-10-01

This study is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students due to lack of active participation in group discussions and questions and answers, so that the understanding of the material is not optimal. This study aims to determine student learning outcomes with the application of flipped classroom in grade X students of SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping on climate change material. This type of study is an experiment with a randomized control group posttest-only design. The research population is all students of class X Phase E of SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping in the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year. The research sample was class X E3 as the experimental class and X E7 as the control class selected by purposive sampling technique. The research instrument is in the form of a multiple-choice test. Data analysis techniques include normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests (t-tests). The results of the study show that the application of flipped classroom provides a significant increase in student learning outcomes on climate change materials.

Perhitungan Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) dan Identifikasi Keberadaan Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Mie Basah yang Dijual di Pasar Segiri Kota Samarinda

Khusnul Khatimah — 2025-10-02

Microbiological contamination is one of the factors that affect food safety, especially in wet noodles which have a high moisture content so they are easily damaged. This study aims to determine the number of Total Plate Numbers (ALT) and identify the presence of Escherichia coli in wet noodles sold at Segiri Market, Samarinda City. The research was carried out using a descriptive analytical method through laboratory testing of five wet noodle samples taken by purposive sampling. ALT testing uses the pour plate method on Plate Count Agar (PCA) media, while Escherichia coli testing is carried out by the Most Probable Number (MPN) method followed by confirmation on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media. The results of the ALT test showed that two samples met the maximum limit of ALT according to SNI 2987:2015 (≤1.0 × 106 colonies/g), while three samples exceeded the threshold. The MPN test showed that four samples were below the maximum limit according to SNI 2987:2015 (≤10 APM/g) and one sample exceeded the threshold. The EMBA confirmation showed two positive samples of Escherichia coli. These results confirm the importance of applying hygienic practices in the processing, storage, and packaging to reduce the risk of microbiological contamination.

Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Uwi Kaju Kedho untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik SMA Karitas Watuneso

Filomena Enjelina Bara — 2025-10-02

This study aims to assess the effect of the application of the local food-based demonstration method of Uwi Kaju Kedho on the learning interest of students at SMA Karitas Watuneso. The type of research used is quasi-experimental. The design used in this study is a nonequivalent control group. The bound variable in this study is the students' learning interest, while the free variable is the demonstration method based on local food uwi kaju kedho. The population in this study is 123 students in class X, and the research sample is 48 people obtained by purposive sampling technique. The data obtained from the research sample was in the form of a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by t-test using the help of SPSS 25 for windows. The results of the study show that the application of local food-based demonstration methods has an effect on the learning interest of students at Karitas Watuneso High School. This can be seen from the results of the study interest questionnaire and observation. The average questionnaire score was 76.10 and the average observation score was 100. The results of the t-test supported the difference in learning interest between the control and experimental groups.

Validitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Problem Based Learning pada Materi Ekosistem Fase E SMA/MA

Nia Oktavia — 2025-10-02

The biology learning process utilizes a variety of teaching materials, including package books and Student Worksheets (LKPD). However, the LKPD used by teachers is still limited to practicum activities and has not met the components of the preparation of the LKPD optimally. To overcome this, LKPD based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) was developed which has the advantage of improving students' ability to solve problems contextually. This research aims to produce PBL-based LKPD on ecosystem materials that are valid for students in phase E of high school/ma. Development is carried out using a 4D model which includes the stages of defining, design, develop, and disseminate. The research was limited to the development stage with a validity test through filling out a questionnaire by three expert lecturers. The validation results showed that LKPD was in the very valid category with a score of 86.99%. Thus, the PBL-based LKPD developed is declared suitable for use as teaching materials in biology learning.

Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Berbantuan Media Lumio terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Ekosistem Kelas VII SMP Negeri 26 Samarinda

Novi Rahmayani — 2025-10-02

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the differentiated learning approach assisted by Lumio media on critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes in class VII ecosystem materials at SMP Negeri 26 Samarinda. This study uses a Quasi-Experimental method with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The research instruments were in the form of a test of critical thinking skills and learning outcomes which were analyzed using the T-Test test with a significant level of 0.05, and N-Gain to analyze the results. The results showed that the N-Gain of critical thinking skills in the experimental group was 0.62 (medium category), and in the control group was 0.50 (medium category). On the other hand, the N-Gain for learning outcomes in the experimental group was 0.63 (moderate category), while in the control group it was 0.51 (moderate category). The results of the hypothesis test analysis, critical thinking skills, and learning outcomes each had a significant value of 0.00<0.05, so that there was a significant influence of the Lumio-assisted differentiated learning approach on critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes. Thus, this approach is effectively used to improve the quality of learning in the ecosystem material of junior high school grade VII SMP Negeri 26 Samarinda.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berorientasi Socio-Scientific Issues untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah

Rina Oktaviana — 2025-10-02

Problem-solving skills are an essential aspect that learners must have to deal with complex problems in real life. However, various studies show that students in Indonesia still have a low level of ability in this aspect. This study aims to measure the improvement of problem-solving skills through the application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) based on Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) on the topic of environmental change. This study uses a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design involving 34 students of class XI MIPA 1 at SMAN 1 Banjarmasin for the 2025/2026 school year. Sample selection was carried out by total sampling technique. The post-test results showed that the students' problem-solving skills were in the good category, with an average of 83.15%. MANOVA's analysis produced a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05) which confirms that SSI-based PBL has a significant influence on improving problem-solving skills while fostering students' awareness of environmental conservation efforts. The findings of this research are expected to be a practical guide for educators in designing learning that is able to foster problem-solving skills as one of the competencies of the 21st century.

Analisis Kontribusi Model Pembelajaran EMKONTAN terhadap Kreativitas dan Literasi Lingkungan dalam Memecahkan Masalah Lingkungan pada Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Batu

Fenti Nur Yuniarti — 2025-10-02

Education is crucial to shape the quality of superior and competitive human resources. challenges to the quality of education in Indonesia, especially related to the low creativity and environmental literacy of high school students, as well as the lack of participation in real environmental issues. The EMKONTAN learning model is proposed as an innovation to overcome these problems, because it integrates local environmental issues and encourages experience-based problem solving. This study investigates the impact of the EMKONTAN model on enhancing creativity and environmental literacy in solving ecological issues among 19 tenth-grade students at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Batu, using a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Data were collected through creativity and environmental literacy tests, and observation. The data analysis with paired sample t-test showed a significant increase in both variables. The average creativity score increased from 36.00 (pre-test) to 39.42 (post-test), with a p value <0.001. Environmental literacy also increased significantly from 180.89 (pre-test) to 195.37 (post-test), with a p value <0.001. These findings indicate that the EMKONTAN learning model is effective in improving students' creative thinking skills and environmental literacy in solving environmental problems. This model encourages students to think critically, innovate, and understand environmental issues deeply through direct experience and reflection.

Pengaruh Faktor Intensitas Cahaya terhadap Jumlah dan Ukuran Stomata Daun Tumbuhan Monokotil di Arboretum Sempaja (Penunjang Materi Jaringan Tumbuhan)

Annisa Annisa — 2025-10-04

The effect of light on stomata has been extensively studied, but studies that specifically observed the effect of light intensity on the size and number of stomata in monocot plants at the Sempaja Arboretum, Samarinda, are still very limited, including monocot plants, and have the potential to be a contextual learning resource for biology education in schools. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of light intensity on the number and size of stomata in monocot plants in the Sempaja Arboretum. This research was carried out from February to May. This study used a Non-Factorial Group Random Design, with 3 different light intensities (morning, noon, and evening). Based on the results of statistical tests (ANOVA and Duncan's follow-up tests), not all species show statistically significant differences in size and number between times (morning, noon, evening). Some species such as Sri Rejeki (Aglonema sp) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) show statistically insignificant changes. In other species such as Virginia Flower (Commelina virginica), Palm (Arenga pinnata), and Golden Ivory Betel (Epipremnum aureum), the difference in stomata size between times is more pronounced and significant.

Validitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Materi Inovasi Bioteknologi Fase F SMA/MA

Laisan Putri — 2025-10-04

In the learning process, students have used various teaching materials, such as modules, printed books, and Student Worksheets (LKPD). In addition, the learning process is also supported by the application of the problem-based learning model. One of the materials studied in grade XII of high school is biotechnology innovation. In the material, teachers use a problem-based learning model. This research aims to produce a LKPD based on problem based learning on valid biotechnology innovation materials in phase F of high school/MA. This type of research is a development research using a 4D model which includes four stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, in this study, the disseminate stage was not carried out. The research instrument is in the form of a validation sheet used to test the validity carried out by three validators. The results of the study showed that the validity test by biology lecturers and teachers obtained an average score of 84.84% which is included in the very valid category. Thus, it can be concluded that the LKPD based on problem-based learning on the biotechnology innovation material phase F SMA/MA developed, is feasible to use.

Produksi Karkas dan Koloni Escherichia coli dalam Usus Halus Broiler yang Diberikan Probiotik pada Waktu yang Berbeda

Muliani Muliani — 2025-10-04

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. through drinking water on carcass production and the number of Escherichia coli colonies in the small intestine of broiler chickens. The research was conducted at the Applied Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Mataram University, using 175 broiler chickens of the CP 707 strain randomly divided into five treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of one control (T1) without probiotics, and four treatments (T2-T5) with Bacillus spp. doses of 3 cc/liter of drinking water at different times. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD), and data were analyzed using Duncan's test when there was a significant effect. The results showed that probiotic Bacillus spp. had a significant effect (P<0.05) on feed consumption and final body weight, but had no significant effect on carcass percentage or the number of Escherichia coli colonies in the small intestine. These findings indicate that probiotics can improve growth performance, but are not effective in significantly reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria.

Pengaruh E-Module Sistem Pernapasan Berbasis Praktikum terhadap Hasil Belajar untuk Menunjang SDGs 3 Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 13 Samarinda

Adinda Devi Nofalia — 2025-10-04

Technological progress requires innovation in all components of education, one of which is by integrating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into learning through practicum-based breathing system e-modules. This study aims to analyze the influence of practicum-based respiratory system e-modules on the learning outcomes of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 13 Samarinda in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains in supporting the achievement of SDGs 3. The research method used a quasi experiment type of non-equivalent control group with two subjects (30 students each), one class as an experiment and one class as a control. Instruments include cognitive tests (pretest–posttest) as well as affective and psychomotor observations. Cognitive data analysis used an independent t-test, while affective and psychomotor were analyzed descriptively and converted to qualitative categories. The results showed significant differences in cognitive learning outcomes (sig. 0.000 < 0.05). The affective learning outcomes of both classes were in the good category, with the experimental class showing a higher score of 78.89, while the control class was 74.11. The psychomotor learning outcomes of the experimental class were in the skilled category with an average of 75.09, while the control class was quite skilled with an average of 69.17. Therefore, it is concluded that practicum-based e-modules are effective in improving learning outcomes while fostering health and environmental awareness in accordance with SDGs 3.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Game Based Learning Berbantuan Media Lumio terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 9 Samarinda

Angellya Kristin Sapan — 2025-10-04

The Game Based Learning learning model is a learning approach that uses game elements in the learning process that involves students so that students interact more and play an active role during the learning process in the classroom. The use of the Game Based Learning Model is complemented by the use of Lumio as a learning medium. Lumio is a digital-based learning platform that combines slide presentations with activities such as quizzes and games, creating an active, fun and effective learning process in the modern technological age. The success of the learning process in the classroom is largely determined by appropriate teaching strategies and approaches. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the Game Based Learning model assisted by Lumio media on student motivation and learning outcomes in Science Class VII subjects of SMP Negeri 9 Samarinda. The method used in this study is a Quasi experiment which was designed using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The data analysis technique used was an independent sample test on the Mann Whitney non-paramteric test with the use of the Lumio-assisted Game Based Learning learning model on Motivation and The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control classes, with a sig value. 2-tailed 0.000 < 0.05, so from the Mann Whitney test it is known that there is an influence on the application of the Game Based Learning learning model assisted by Lumio media on student motivation and learning outcomes in science subjects grade VII SMP Negeri 9 Samarinda.

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida) terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat (Propionibacterium acnes)

Wahyu Frans Sihotang — 2025-10-04

This study aims to determine the mechanism of action, antibacterial activity, and effect of ethanol concentration of Chinese betel leaf extract (Peperomia pellucida) on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. The method used was disc diffusion with 96% ethanol solvent as well as determination of the number of test bacteria through the cup counting method, with the absorbance value adjusted to the McFarland standard of 0.5. The concentration of the extracts tested was 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The data was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test with the help of SPSS. The results showed that the ethanol extract of betel leaves of china had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, characterized by the formation of an inhibition zone. At 10% of the activity is moderate, while at the concentration of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the activity is moderate. Standard conformity tests show that McFarland Kit's standard solution (Himedia) has an absorbance value of approximately 0.08–0.1 at a wavelength of 625 nm. The suspension of the test bacteria that was diluted to the absorbance value resulted in a number of Propionibacterium acnes cells of 1.2 × 10^7 CFU/mL. This shows that the number of test bacterial cells used is not entirely the same as McFarland's standard solution of 0.5. Thus, the ethanol extract of betel leaves has the potential to be an antibacterial agent against Propionibacterium acnes.

Analisis Literasi Numerasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Berdasarkan Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum

Fitra Ramadhan — 2025-10-04

The development of the Industrial Revolution 5.0 requires students, particularly prospective biology teachers, to acquire 21st-century skills, including numeracy literacy, which serves as the foundation for critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and problem-solving. This study aims to analyze the numeracy literacy profile of Biology Education students based on the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM). The research employed a quantitative descriptive method involving 88 first- and third-semester students of the Biology Education Study Program at the University of Timor, selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument consisted of a numeracy test that referred to the content, context, cognitive processes, and numeracy literacy levels of the AKM. The findings reveal that students’ numeracy literacy is still categorized as Requiring Special Intervention. This condition is influenced by memorization-oriented learning, low learning motivation, and limited integration of numeracy in biology instruction. These results highlight the importance of implementing innovative and contextual learning strategies integrated with numeracy literacy so that prospective biology teachers can not only meet the minimum AKM standards but also develop pedagogical competencies relevant to the challenges of the 21st century.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis RQA terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi Wordwall di SMP Negeri 11 Samarinda

Salsabila Desvika Nurfadhila — 2025-10-06

The results of observations conducted by researchers on February 2, 2025 with teachers at SMP Negeri 11 Samarinda show several problems, including the low critical thinking skills of students, learning outcomes that are not optimal, and the lack of use of digital media and innovative learning models. This condition causes students to have difficulty in understanding the learning material delivered by the teacher. This study aims to determine the influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model based on Reading, Questioning, and Answering (RQA) on students' critical thinking skills and learning outcomes by using the Wordwall application at SMP Negeri 11 Samarinda. The research method used is a correlational method with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with classes VII-I and VII-H as research samples. Data analysis using t-test. After applying the RQA-based PBL learning model in class VII-H as an experimental class and given a critical thinking ability test and a learning outcome test, the average score of the experimental class was higher than the control class. The results of the data analysis showed that in the control class, the level of significance of critical thinking skills was 0.000 < 0.05 and learning outcomes were 0.002 < 0.05. This shows that the application of the RQA-based PBL learning model has a significant effect on improving students' critical thinking skills and learning outcomes on ecology and biodiversity materials at SMP Negeri 11 Samarinda. These findings prove that the application of the RQA-based PBL model is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills and learning outcomes.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berbasis TPACK terhadap Keterampilan Bertanya Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi Materi Sel Kelas XI MAN 2 Samarinda

Khairunnisa Salsabila Ramadhani — 2025-10-08

The background of this research is learning models that are limited in variation, which makes the students less active, especially in questioning skills. Because of that, this research has a purpose to find out the effect of implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model based on Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) on students questioning skills. This research used a quantitative approach with a quasi experimental method and a non- equivalent control group design. The subjects of this research are 70 grade XI students in MAN 2 Samarinda, including class XI-B as the experimental class and class XI-A as the control class. The instruments used in this research are interviewing the teacher, observing the learning activities, and an assessment rubric of students questioning skills. The results of this research showed that students questioning skills in the experimental class increased significantly compared to the control class, as shown by the Mann-Whitney U test with a significance value of 0.015 < 0.05. The number of questions from students in the experimental class was more varied (20 questions) compared to the control class, which had fewer questions (5 questions). The conclusion is that the implementation of the TPACK based Problem Based Learning (PBL) model has a positive effect on students questioning skills in the cell material of Grade XI.

Pengaruh Berbagai Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan Microgreen Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus)

Sinta Arimah — 2025-10-10

Microgreens are young plants harvested when they are 7–14 days old after planting (DAP) with a nutrient content 40 times higher than mature plants, especially vitamins and phytonutrients. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of various growing media on the growth of sunflower microgreens. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with one factor of growing media (M1: sandy soil, M2: charcoal husk, M3: cocopeat, M4: rockwool) and three replicates, then the sampling process on each thinwall was 10 plants. The observation data were analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test to determine the differences between treatments. If the ANOVA results showed significance (< 0.05), then a further Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test was conducted at a significance level of 5% to identify treatments that were significantly different. Comparisons between treatments were presented in bar graphs. The results showed that cocopeat growing media provided the best growth response with an average plant height of 13.53 cm and wet weight of 32.8 g, which was significantly superior to other media. The superiority of cocopeat is supported by its physical and chemical properties, which are able to retain moisture, provide nutrients, and support root development. Thus, cocopeat is recommended as an effective growing medium for sunflower microgreen production.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran POE terhadap Sikap Ilmiah dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Kelas XI MAN 1 Samarinda

Oktavia Nuraisa — 2025-10-10

The average biology learning outcomes of eleventh-grade students at MA Negeri 1 Samarinda are still below the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM), while innovative learning models such as POE (Predict-Observe-Explain) have never been implemented. Biology learning has been mostly based on lectures, discussions, assignments, and practicums, while scientific attitude assessments are only taken from daily life and practicum activities. This condition requires the implementation of a model that can actively involve students to encourage scientific attitudes and science process skills (SPS). This study aims to determine the effect of the POE model on the scientific attitudes and SPS of eleventh-grade students on the sensory system material. The method used is a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design, involving class XI-F as the experiment and XI-D as the control. The research instruments are scientific attitude questionnaires and SPS tests. The results of the analysis show significant differences between the experimental and control classes in scientific attitudes (p < 0.05) and SPS (p < 0.05 with the Mann Whitney U test). Improvements in scientific attitudes were demonstrated by an N-gain of 0.35 (moderate) in the experimental class and 0.19 (low) in the control class. Meanwhile, the N-gain of the Student-Based Learning (KPS) reached 0.60 (moderate) in the experimental class and 0.29 (low) in the control class. The conclusion of this study is that the POE model effectively improves the scientific attitudes and science process skills of eleventh-grade students at MAN 1 Samarinda.

Pengembangan Panduan Microteaching Berbasis Outcome Based Education (OBE)

Frengky Neolaka — 2025-10-13

The development of the Outcome Based Education (OBE) curriculum encourages universities to adapt by implementing OBE-based learning. This research aims to develop an OBE-based microteaching handbook that has been validated by material experts and media experts, and tested to users. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a 3D development model, namely Define, Design, and Develop. The trial was carried out on lecturers and students involved in microteaching courses. The results of validation by material experts obtained an average score of 86.75% with the very feasible category, while the validation results by media experts obtained a score of 86.83% with the very feasible category. The results of the trial obtained a score of 94% with a very feasible category. Thus, it can be concluded that the OBE-based microteaching handbook developed is very suitable for use and is expected to be a practical guide in improving teaching skills based on graduate learning outcomes.

Distribusi Spasial Padang Lamun di Pesisir Kecamatan Pemenang, Lombok Utara

Baiq Annisya Salsabila — 2025-10-15

The distribution of seagrass ecosystems along the coast of Pemenang District, North Lombok Regency, plays an important ecological and economic role. However, this ecosystem is vulnerable to damage due to human activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution and extent of seagrass cover based on its cover density level. This study used remote sensing methods through the interpretation of Sentinel-2A images. The analysis process included image merging, image cropping, water column correction using the Lyzenga algorithm, image classification using supervised and unsupervised methods, and field validation at 60 observation points. The results showed that seagrass meadows were widespread along the coast and Gili islands (Gili Trawangan, Gili Meno, and Gili Air), with a total area of 685.26 ha. Seagrass cover density was classified into three categories, namely high (33.69%), medium (45.02%), and low (21.29%), with a mapping accuracy level of 73.33%. Based on the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 200 of 2004, most seagrass meadows were categorized as damaged. Factors influencing this condition include domestic waste, tourism activities, ship anchors, human movement (madak), and turtle grazing activity. Seven seagrass species were identified, with Cymodocea rotundata being the most dominant. These findings emphasize the importance of regular monitoring and ongoing management to maintain the sustainability of seagrass ecosystems in the Pemenang coastal area.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbantuan LKPD Liveworksheets terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII pada Mata Pelajaran IPA di SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda

Aulia Ayu Oktavia — 2025-10-16

Seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda face problems in science learning, namely not achieving learning mastery. The learning process is still dominated by conventional teacher-centered methods that cause students to tend to be passive and learning media are less varied, so that learning activities are not effective. To overcome these problems, this study applies the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by LKPD Liveworksheets which encourages students to think critically and actively to be able to solve problems thoroughly and completely. This study aims to determine the effect of the problem based learning model assisted by LKPD Liveworksheets on the learning outcomes of seventh-grade students in science subjects at SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda. The type of research used is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group design. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling consisting of classes VIIC and VIID with a total of 44 students. Data analysis was carried out using the independent sample t test and the N-Gain test. Based on the data analysis, the t-test obtained a significance value of 0.004 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students in the experimental and control classes. Furthermore, the N-Gain analysis showed that the experimental class obtained a score of 0.63, which is in the moderate category, while the control class obtained a score of 0.57, also in the moderate category. These findings indicate that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on liveworksheets has a positive impact on improving student learning outcomes in Natural Science (IPA) for seventh graders at SMP Negeri 37 Samarinda.

Pengaruh Penerapan Model Team Games Tournament pada Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati Berbasis Games QuizWhizzer terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar pada Siswa/i Kelas VII

Octaviani Sari — 2025-10-19

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) model on biodiversity materials based on QuizWhizzer game media on the motivation and learning outcomes of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 7 Samarinda. The research method used was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects consisted of 25 students in grades VII-D as an experimental class using the QuizWhizzer-based TGT model, and 25 students in class VII-F as a control class using the discovery learning model. The results of the study showed that there was a significant influence of the application of the QuizWhizzer-based TGT model on student motivation and learning outcomes. Based on the results of the t-test, a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.001 < 0.05 was obtained which showed a significant influence on learning outcomes. The results of the N-Gain test showed an increase in learning outcomes in the medium category, with an average increase in the experimental class of 0.43, while the control class was 0.35. In addition, the results of the Mann-Whitney test on learning motivation showed a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant difference between the two classes. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) model based on QuizWhizzer media has a significant effect on increasing student motivation and learning outcomes. This model has also been proven to increase students' interest in the learning process through fun game elements.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) melalui Pendekatan Diferensiasi terhadap Peningkatan Kreativitas dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik dalam Materi Sistem Koordinasi di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 13 Samarinda

Endah Puji Lestari — 2025-10-19

This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model through a differentiation approach in improving creativity and learning outcomes of students in class XI of SMA Negeri 13 Samarinda. This research method uses a quantitative approach with a non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study was all class XI of SMA Negeri 13 Samarinda. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study was class XI Moving Biology (XI-5 and XI-8) as an experimental class using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model through a differentiation approach and XI-3 as a control class using a conventional learning model. Data were collected through tests in the form of essay questions and observation sheets. The data from the test questions and observation sheets were analyzed using an independent sample t-test and an N-gain test with the help of a data processing application. The statistical test results obtained from the independent sample t-test on creativity showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, as well as the independent sample t-test on learning outcomes of 0.011 < 0.05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. It can be concluded that there is an influence of the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model through a differentiation approach on creativity and learning outcomes of students in the experimental class. Furthermore, the N-gain test showed an increase in student learning outcomes after implementing the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model through a differentiation approach, with an N-gain score of 0.91, in the high category. These research results indicate that implementing PjBL with a differentiation approach can be an effective alternative learning strategy for developing creativity and improving student learning outcomes in high school.

Validitas Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Google Sites untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi

Siti Nurul Adia Pulumoduyo — 2025-10-21

Biology learning on excretory system materials often experiences obstacles due to the abstract nature of the material and the lack of use of interactive learning media. As a result, students tend to be passive and learning outcomes are low. This condition shows the need for digital-based learning media innovations that are able to present visualization and interactivity in the learning process. This study aims to determine the level of validity of Google Sites-based learning media on human excretion system materials. The type of research used is research and development with the ADDIE model which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, this study is limited to the limited stage of trials. The research instrument is in the form of validation sheets assessed by material experts and media experts. The results of the study showed that the average validation score by material experts was 94.3% and by media experts was 92.5%, both of which were included in the very valid category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Google Sites-based learning media developed is suitable for use as a biology learning medium. This media is effective in helping students understand the concept of the excretory system in a more interesting, contextual, and interactive way.

Pengaruh QuizWhizzer terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA di SMPN 1 Palangka Raya

Elly Brata Tyarini — 2025-10-22

This study aims to determine the effect of QuizWhizzer on student learning motivation in science lessons for eighth graders at SMPN 1 Palangka Raya. This study is quantitative in nature and uses an experimental research method. The research design used in this study is a one-group pre-test and post-test design with one class as the sample, consisting of 28 students. The media used in this study was QuizWhizzer, which is an educational game-based media. The instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale, which was a modification of the 5-point Likert scale. The results showed that the average score of student learning motivation after being given treatment at the post-test was 62, which was very good. Data analysis results showed an increase in student learning motivation, accompanied by significant positive changes (sig. 0.000<0.05). Based on these findings, the researcher concluded that the use of QuizWhizzer media had a positive effect on student learning motivation.