Pengembangan e-LKPD Interaktif Berbasis Augmented Reality pada Materi Hidrokarbon untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa

Suryani Simanjuntak; Makharany Dalimunthe

doi:10.36312/panthera.v6i4.1499

Authors

Suryani Simanjuntak Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan, Jalan William Iskandar Ps. V, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara 20221, Indonesia
Makharany Dalimunthe Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan, Jalan William Iskandar Ps. V, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara 20221, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/panthera.v6i4.1499

Keywords:

e-LKPD, Augmented Reality, Hydrocarbons, Critical Thinking, 4D

Abstract

This study aims to develop an interactive Augmented Reality (AR)-based electronic student worksheet (e-LKPD) on the topic of hydrocarbons, as well as to determine its feasibility and its impact on improving students' critical thinking skills. The study employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the 4D development model, comprising the define, design, development, and disseminate stages. The research subjects consisted of 29 Grade XI students from SMA Negeri 2 Percut Sei Tuan, selected via purposive sampling. Research instruments included a needs analysis questionnaire, validation sheets for subject matter and media experts, a student response questionnaire, and critical thinking assessments (pre-test and post-test) consisting of 14 essay questions based on Ennis's critical thinking indicators. The e-LKPD was developed using Canva, Assemblr Edu (for 3D molecular visualization), and Liveworksheets (for presenting content, activities, and questions). Results indicate that the AR-based interactive e-LKPD achieved average validation scores of 84.8% from subject matter experts and 85.2% from media experts, both falling into the "highly valid" category. Students' critical thinking skills improved, with the average score rising from 52.45 (pre-test) to 89.14 (post-test), yielding an N-Gain score of 0.76, which falls into the "high" category. Student response to the e-LKPD averaged 92.53%, placing it in the "very high" category. Thus, the developed AR-based interactive e-LKPD is deemed highly valid, received a very positive response, and demonstrated an improvement in students' critical thinking skills regarding hydrocarbon topics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Apmiyanti, T., & Yerimadesi, Y. (2024). Validitas dan Praktikalitas E-LKPD Interaktif Berbasis Guided Discovery Learning Berbantuan Liveworksheet pada Materi Hidrokarbon untuk Fase F SMA. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA, 4(4), 431–438. https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v4i4.3492

Bahriah, E. S., Agung, S., & Nur, A. I. (2022). Development of Augmented Reality Technology-Based Interactive Learning Media in Chemical Bonding Materials. Journal of Chemistry Education Research, 6(2), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.26740/jcer.v6n2.p93-99

Elfrod, D., Jones, G. A., & Lancaster, S. J. (2024). Augmented Reality Meets Peer Instruction. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 25(3), 833-842. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3rp00093a

Evawani, T., Rahayu, E. S., & Retnoningsih, A. (2013). Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajran Bermakna Menggunakan Lembar Kerja Siswa Divergen pada Materi Ciri-ciri Makhluk Hidup. Journal of Research and Educational Research Evaluation, 2(1), 19-25.

Fakhri, A. (2023). Kurikulum Merdeka dan Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran: Menjawab Tantangan Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Abad 21. In Prosiding Conference Elementary Studies (CES) (pp. 32–40). Surabaya, Indonesia: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

Karnia, R. (2024). Importance of Reliability and Validity in Research. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 13(6), 137–141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20241306.11

Karyawati, N. K., Suja, W. I., & Sudiatmika, R. A. I. (2022). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Masalah dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran IPA Indonesia, 12(3), 129-139. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppii.v12i3.54496

Keller, S., Rumann, S., & Habig, S. (2021). Cognitive Load Implications for Augmented Reality Supported Chemistry Learning. Information, 12(3), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/info12030096

Listianto, A. F., Minarso, D., & Maulidah, H. (2025). Relevansi Perubahan Kurikulum Indonesia terhadap Tantangan Pendidikan Abad Ke-21. Pondas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(3), 248-263. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i03.29555

Mardianto, Y., Azis, L. A., & Amelia, R. (2022). Menganalisis Respon Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Materi Perbandingan dan Skala Menggunakan Pendekatan Kontekstual. JPMI – Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif, 5(5), 1313-1322. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v5i5.10499

Nanditaputri, R. F. (2023). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik (E-LKPD) Model Anchored Instruction pada Materi Senyawa Hidrokarbon. Thesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang.

Ningsih, N. S., Rudi, L., & Saefuddin, S. (2026). Efektivitas Augmented Reality Berbasis Android dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Materi Hidrokarbon. Journal of Chemistry Education and Integration, 5(1), 10-23. https://doi.org/10.24014/jcei.v5i1.39016

Paembonan, T., & Ikhsan, J. (2021). Supporting Students’ Basic Science Process Skills by Augmented Reality Learning Media. Journal of Educational Science and Technology (EST), 7(2), 188-196. https://doi.org/10.26858/est.v0i0.19448

Prasetya, P. Y., & Sukarmin, S. (2026). Development of Multimedia Based on Augmented Reality to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills. Indonesian Journal of Educational Development (IJED), 7(1), 30-48. https://doi.org/10.59672/ijed.v7i1.5955

Ramadani, R., Ramlawati, R., & Arsyad, M. (2020). Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis Augmented Reality. Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia : Chemistry Education Review, 3(2), 152-162. https://doi.org/10.26858/cer.v3i2.13766

Ribic, L., & Devetak, I. (2024). Augmented Reality in Developing Students’ Understanding of Chemistry Triplet: A Systematic Literature Review. De Gruyter, 7(1), 157-172. https://doi.org/10.1515/cti-2024-0060

Sadiman, A. S. (2010). Media Pendidikan: Pengertian Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatannya. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.

Sagita, R., Fitriyah, D., & Yulita, I. (2024). Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik (E-LKPD) Berbasis Komik pada Materi Hidrokarbon. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 18(2), 157-162. https://doi.org/10.15294/s8v8v681

Saidin, N. F., Halim, N. D. A., Yahaya, N., & Zulkifli, N. N. (2024). Enhancing Students’ Critical Thinking and Visualisation Skills through Mobile Augmented Reality. Knowledge Management & E-Learning : An International Journal, 16(1), 1-41. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2024.16.001

Simbolon, E., & Muchtar, Z. (2025). Development of Android-Based Augmented Reality Learning Media on Chemical Bonding Material in Class XI at SMA N 1 Sidikalang. Eduproxima : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA, 7(1), 43-49 https://doi.org/10.29100/.v7i1.5993

Tahir, F., Lukum, A., Pikoli, M., Laliyo, L. A. R., Kilo, A. L., & Kurniawati, E. (2025). Validitas Media Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) Menggunakan Assemblr Edu pada Materi Hidrokarbon. Jurnal Pendidikan, Kimia, Fisika, dan Biologi, 1(3), 170-180. https://doi.org/10.61132/jupenkifb.v1i3.319

Utami, C. S., & Syahri, W. (2025). Pengembangan e-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) Dilengkapi dengan Augmented Reality (AR) sebagai Inovasi Pembelajaran pada Materi Ikatan Kimia Fase F. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan, 4(1), 1173–1179. https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.1718

Widayako, E. P. (2012). Teknik Penyusunan Instrumen Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Wong, C. H. S., Tsang, K. C. K., & Chiu, W. (2021). Using Augmented Reality as a Powerful and Innovative Technology to Increase Enthusiasm and Enhance Student Learning in Higher Education Chemistry Courses. Journal Chemistry Education, 98(11), 3476–3485. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c01029