Tinjauan Sistematis Integrasi Limbah Jagung, Gamal, dan Lamtoro untuk Pakan Sapi Sumbawa

Amrullah Amrullah; Wahyu Astiko; Farid Hemon

doi:10.36312/panthera.v6i4.1602

Authors

Amrullah Amrullah Program Studi Doktor Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram, Jalan Majapahit Nomor 62, Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat 83115, Indonesia
Wahyu Astiko Program Studi Doktor Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram, Jalan Majapahit Nomor 62, Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat 83115, Indonesia
Farid Hemon Program Studi Doktor Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram, Jalan Majapahit Nomor 62, Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat 83115, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/panthera.v6i4.1602

Keywords:

Sustainable Agroecosystem, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Maize Residues, Sumbawa Cattle, Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The availability of cattle feed in Sumbawa Regency is influenced by the dry season, maize cropping patterns, and the utilization of local forage. Maize residues have the potential to serve as a feed source, though their nutritional quality requires enhancement through processing and supplementation. This study aims to synthesize the potential for integrating maize residues, Gliricidia sepium (gamal), and Leucaena leucocephala (lamtoro) to support feed self-sufficiency and improve the well-being of cattle farmers in Sumbawa Regency. A systematic literature review approach, adapted from the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, was applied to 16 primary sources published between 2016 and 2026. Data were analyzed thematically, focusing on nutritional aspects, processing technologies, livestock productivity, economics, and the sustainability of the agroecosystem. The synthesis indicates that integrating maize residues with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala supported by feed processing, ration formulation, and the management of anti-nutritional factors has the potential to enhance feed quality, cattle productivity, and cost-efficiency in livestock rearing. Local evidence further suggests that the use of Leucaena leucocephala can increase both cattle weight gain and farmers' income, provided there is adequate technical assistance and institutional support for farmer groups. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative synthesis of these three feed sources, forming a local feed system model that links the utilization of agricultural by-products, the provision of forage-based protein, livestock productivity, and the economic resilience of farmers. Consequently, this model is well-suited for development in arid regions through the strengthening of feed preservation technologies, the management of local resources, and the provision of support to farmers, ultimately fostering a productive and sustainable livestock system.

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